Some more Ayaats for the Classification of
Sahabas:

  

Quran 9:101 Certain of the desert Arabs round about you are hypocrites, as well as
(desert Arabs) among the Medina folk: they are obstinate in hypocrisy:
 thou knowest them
not: We know them: twice shall We punish
them: and in addition shall they be sent to a grievous penalty.

 

Sahih al-Bukhari Hadith: 8.585

Narrated Abu Hazim from Sahl bin Sa’d:

The Prophet said, I am your predecessor(forerunner) at the
Lake-Fount, and whoever will pass by there, he will drink from it and whoever
will drink from it, he will never be thirsty.
There will come to me some people whom
I will recognize, and they will recognize me, but a barrier will be placed
between
me and them.

Abu Hazim added: Nu’man bin Abi ‘Aiyash,
on hearing me, said. Did you hear this fromSahl? I said, Yes. He
said, I bear witness that I heard Abu Said al-Khudri saying the same,
adding that the Prophet said: ‘I will say: They are my companions. Then it will be said to me,
‘You do not know what they innovated (new things) in the religion after
you left’
. I will say, ‘Far removed, far removed (from mercy), those
who changed after me. Abu Huraira narrated that the Prophet said, On
the Day of Resurrection a group of companions will come to me, but will be
driven away from the Lake-Fount, and I will say, ‘O Lord (those are) my
companions!’ It will be said, ‘You have no knowledge as to what they innovated after you left; they turned apostate
as renegades (reverted from the true Islam).

 

 

Sahih al-Bukhari Hadith: 8.578

Narrated ‘Abdullah:

The Prophet said, I am your predecessor at the
Lake-Fount.’Abdullah added: The Prophet said, I am your predecessor at the
Lake-Fount, and some of you will be brought in front of me till I will see them
and then they will be taken away from me and I will say, ‘O Lord, my companions!’ It will
be said, ‘You do not know what they did after you had left
.’

 

 

Sahih al-Bukhari Hadith: 8.584

Narrated Anas: 

The Prophet said, Some of my companions will come to me
at my Lake Fount, and after I recognize them, they will then be taken away from me, whereupon
I will say, ‘My companions!’ Then it will be said, ‘You do not know what they innovated (new things) in the religion
after you. (also 
Sahih Muslim, part 15, pp 53-54) 

 

 

UHUD

 

Quran 3:152-153 And
certainly Allah made good to you His promise when you slew them by His
permission, until when you became weak-hearted and disputed about the
affair and disobeyed after He had shown you that which you loved; of you were some who
desired this world and of you were some who desired the hereafter
;
 then
He turned you away from them that He might try you; and He has certainly
pardoned you, and Allah is Gracious to the believers.   When you ran off precipitately and did not wait for any
one, and the Messenger was calling you from your rear
, so He
gave you another sorrow instead of (your) sorrow, so that you might not grieve
at what had escaped you, nor (at) what befell you; and Allah is aware of what
you do.  
(@ UHUD)
[
Pooya/Ali Commentary 3:153]

The names of those who ran off and did not turn back to look,
though the Holy Prophet was calling them from the rear, have been given
in Tarikh Tabari, Tarikh Khamis by
Husayn Dayarbakri, Tarikh Kamil by Ibn Athir, Izalatul Khifa by Shah Waliullah,
and Al-Faruq by Shibli.
 Please refer to the commentary of
verses 121 and 122 of this surah.

 

 


Allah
forgave them after Uhud, but gave very strong warnings:

Quran 8:15-16 O ye who believe! when ye meet the Unbelievers in
hostile array, never turn your backs to them
. If any do turn his back to
them on such a day – unless it be in a stratagem of war, or to retreat to a
troop (of his own)- he draws on himself the wrath of Allah, and his abode is
Hell,- an evil refuge (indeed)!

 

Quran 8:20 O you who believe! obey Allah and His Messenger and do not
turn back from Him while you hear. 

 

Quran 8:46 And
obey Allah and His Messenger and do not quarrel for then you will be weak in
hearts and your power will depart, and be patient; surely Allah is with the
patient.

 

Quran 13:25 And
those who break the covenant of Allah after its confirmation and cut asunder
that which Allah has ordered to be joined and make mischief in the land; (as
for) those, upon them shall be curse and they shall have the evil (issue) of
the abode.  

 

  

Yet, the Sahabah again desire
to flee at the Battle of the Trench

 

Quran 33:10-15 When they came upon you from
above you and from below you, and when the eyes turned dull, and the hearts
rose up to the throats, and you began to think diverse thoughts of Allah
. There
the believers were tried and they were shaken with severe shaking.  And when the hypocrites and
those in whose hearts was a disease began to say: Allah and His Messenger did
not promise us (victory) but only to deceive
.  And when a
party of them said: O people of Yasrib! there is no place to stand for you
(here), therefore go back; and a party of them asked permission of the prophet,
saying. Surely our houses are exposed; and they were not exposed; they only desired to fly away.  And
if an entry were made upon them from the outlying parts of it, then they were
asked to wage war, they would certainly have done it, and they would not have
stayed in it but a little while.  And certainly they had made a covenant with Allah before,
that they would not turn (their) backs; and Allah’s covenant shall be inquired
of
.  (@  The Battle of The Trench

 

 

Yet, the Sahabah fled
again at Hunayn!

Quran 9:25 Assuredly
Allah did help you in many battle-fields and on the day of Hunain: Behold! your
great numbers elated you, but they availed you naught: the land, for all that
it is wide, did constrain you, and ye turned back in retreat.
 (@HUNAIN)

 

Even Umar did not mention the death of the Holy Prophet  for his “escape” from the battlefield:

Abu Qatada says:BukhariVol 5, Book 59, Number 611.

Narrated by Abu Qatada

When it
was the day of (the battle of) Hunain,… . The Muslims (excepting the Prophet
and some of his companions) started fleeing and I too, fled with them. Suddenly I met ‘Umar bin
Al-Khattab amongst the people and I asked him, “What is wrong with the
people?” He said, “It is the order of Allah”

 

Abu Qatada says:BukhariVol 4, Book 53, Number 370

 

Narrated by Abu Qatada

We set
out in the company of Allah’s Apostle on the day (of the battle) of Hunain. When we faced the enemy, the Muslims
retreated and I saw a pagan throwing himself over a Muslim. I turned around
and came upon him from behind and hit him on the shoulder with the sword He
(i.e. the pagan) came towards me and seized me so violently that I felt as if
it were death itself, but death overtook him and he released me. I followed ‘Umar bin Al
Khattab and asked (him), “What is wrong with the people (fleeing)?”
He replied, “This is the Will of Allah,”

 

 

 

 

 Quran 9:101 Certain of the desert Arabs round about you are hypocrites, as well as (desert Arabs)
among the Medina folk: they are obstinate in hypocrisy:
 thou knowest them not: We know them: twice shall We punish them: and in addition shall
they be sent to a grievous penalty.

 

Sahih al-Bukhari Hadith: 8.578

Narrated ‘Abdullah:

The Prophet said, I am your predecessor at the
Lake-Fount.’Abdullah added: The Prophet said, I am your predecessor at the
Lake-Fount, and some of you will be brought in front of me till I will see them
and then they will be taken away from me and I will say, ‘O Lord, my companions!’ It will
be said, ‘You do not know what they did after you had left
.’

 

 

Sahih al-Bukhari Hadith: 8.584

Narrated Anas: 

The Prophet said, Some of my companions will come to me
at my Lake Fount, and after I recognize them, they will then be taken away from me, whereupon
I will say, ‘My companions!’ Then it will be said, ‘You do not know what they innovated (new things) in the religion
after you. (also 
Sahih Muslim,
part 15, pp 53-54)
 

 

 

Sahih al-Bukhari Hadith: 8.585

Narrated Abu Hazim from Sahl bin Sa’d:

The Prophet said, I am your predecessor(forerunner) at the
Lake-Fount, and whoever will pass by there, he will drink from it and whoever
will drink from it, he will never be thirsty. There will come to me some people whom I will
recognize, and they will recognize me, but a barrier will be placed between me
and them
.

Abu Hazim added: Nu’man bin Abi ‘Aiyash,
on hearing me, said. Did you hear this fromSahl? I said, Yes. He
said, I bear witness that I heard Abu Said al-Khudri saying the same,
adding that the Prophet said: ‘I will say: They are my companions. Then it will
be said to me, ‘You do not know what they innovated (new things) in the
religion after you left’. I will say, ‘Far removed, far removed (from mercy),
those who changed after me. Abu Huraira narrated that the Prophet
said, On the Day of Resurrection a group of companions will come to me, but
will be driven away from the Lake-Fount, and I will say, ‘O Lord (those are) my
companions!’ It will be said, ‘You have no knowledge as to what they innovated after you left; they turned apostate
as renegades (reverted from the true Islam).

 

 

 

Sahih al-Bukhari Hadith: 8.586

Narrated Ibn al-Musaiyab: 

Some men from my companions will come to my Lake-Fount and they
will be driven away from it, and I will say, ‘O Lord, my companions!’ It will
be said, ‘You have no knowledge of what they innovated after you left: they turned APOSTATE as renegades
(reverted from true Islam). (also Sahih Muslim, part 10, p64, also
P59)
 

 

 

Sahih Bukhari Hadith: 8.587

Narrated Abu Huraira: 

The Prophet said, While I was sleeping, a group (of my followers
were brought close to me), and when I recognized them, a man (an angel) came
out from amongst (us) me and them, he said (to them), ‘Come along.’ I asked,
‘Where?’ He said, ‘To the (Hell) Fire, by Allah’ I asked, ‘what is wrong with
them?’ He said,‘They turned APOSTATE as renegades after you left.’ Then behold! (Another) group (of my
followers) were brought close to me, and when I recognized them, a man
 (an angel) came out from (me and
them) he said (to them); Come along.’ I asked, Where?’ He said, ‘To the
(Hell) Fire, by Allah.’ I asked, What is wrong with them?’ He
said, ‘They turned APOSTATE as renegades after you left. So I did not see anyone of them escaping except a few
who were like camels without a shepherd.
 

 

 

Sahih al-Bukhari Hadith: 8.592

Narrated Asma ‘bint Abu Bakr: 

The Prophet said, I will be standing at the Lake-Fount so that I
will see whom among you will come to me; and some people will be taken away
from me, and I will say, ‘O Lord, (they are) from me and from my followers.’
Then it will be said, ‘Did you notice what they did after you? By Allah,
 they kept
on turning on their heels (turned away from true Islam).’ The
sub-narrator, Ibn Abi Mulaika said, O Allah, we seek refuge
with You from turning on our heels, or being put to trial in our
religion.

 

 

Sahih al-Bukhari Hadith: 9.172

Narrated Asma’:

The Prophet said, I will be at my Lake-Fount (Kauthar) waiting for
whoever will come to me. Then some people will be taken away from me whereupon
I will say, ‘My followers!’ It will be said, 
‘You do not know they turned
APOSTATES as renegades (deserted their religion).’ Ibn Abi Mulaika said, Allah, we seek refuge
with You from turning on our heels from the (Islamic) religion and
from being put to trial).

 

 

Sahih al-Bukhari Hadith: 9.173

Narrated ‘Abdullah:

The Prophet said, I am your predecessor at the Lake-Fount
(Kauthar) and some men amongst you will be brought to me, and when I will try
to hand them some water, they will be pulled away from me by force
 whereupon I will say, ‘O Lord, my
companions!’ Then the Almighty will say, ‘You do not know what they did after
you left, they introduced new things into the religion after you.’     

    

 

Sahih al-Bukhari Hadith: 9.174

Narrated Sahl bin Sa’d:

I heard the Prophet saying, I am your predecessor at the
Lake-Fount (Kauthar), and whoever will come to it, will drink from it, and
whoever will drink from it, will never become thirsty after that. There will
come to me some people whom I know and they know me, and then a barrier will be
set up between me and them. Abu Sa’id al-Khudri added that the
Prophet further said: I will say those people are from me. It will be said,
‘You do not know what changes and new things they did after you.’ Then I will say, ‘Far removed (from mercy), far
removed (from mercy), those who changed after me!’
 

 

 

Sahih al-Bukhari Hadith: 8.434

Narrated ‘Uqba bin ‘Amir: 

The Prophet went out and offered the funeral prayer for the
martyrs of the (battle of) Uhud and then ascended the pulpit and
said, I am your predecessor and I am a witness against you. By Allah, I am now
looking at my Tank-lake (Al-Kauthar) and I have been given the keys of the
treasures of the earth (or the keys of the earth). By Allah! I am not afraid that you become polytheist
after me, but I am afraid that you will start competing for it (i.e., the pleasures and treasures of this world).

 

 

Sahih al-Bukhari Hadith: 5.488

Narrated al-Musaiyab:

I met al-Bara bin ‘Azib and said (to him). May you live
prosperously! You enjoyed the company of the Prophet and gave him the 
Pledge of allegiance (of al-Hudaibiya) under the
Tree (of al-Hudaybiyah)
;
on that, al-Bara’ said, O my nephew! You do not know what we have done after him (i.e. his death).

 

 

These companions that introduced new things into the religion were not your every day ordinary citizen. These were
people that had the power and authority to implement changes into the religion. Any idea who they may have been? 

 

 

Abu Bakr and Omar get yelled at in Quran 49:1-3   (Bukhari Volume
6:60:368)  

49:1-2. O Ye who believe! Put not yourselves forward before Allah
and His Messenger. but fear Allah. for Allah is He Who hears and knows all
things.. O
ye who believe! Raise not your voices above the voice of the Prophet, nor
speak aloud to him in talk, as ye may speak aloud to one another, lest your
deeds become vain and ye perceive not.

 

Aisha and Hafsa get yelled at by Allah in
Quran 66-3-5   (
Bukhari 7:63:192)

66:3-5. When the Prophet disclosed a matter in confidence to one of
his consorts, and she then divulged it (to another), and Allah made it known to
him, he confirmed part thereof and repudiated a part. Then when he told her
thereof, she said, “Who told thee this? “He said, “He told me
Who knows and is well-acquainted (with all things).”4. If ye two turn in repentance to Him,
your hearts are indeed so inclined; But if ye back up each other against him,
truly Allah is his Protector, and Gabriel, and (every) righteous one among
those who believe,- and furthermore, the angels – will back (him) up.5. It may be, if he divorced you (all),
that Allah will give him in exchange consorts better than you,- who submit
(their wills), who believe, who are devout, who turn to Allah in repentance,
who worship (in humility), who travel (for Faith) and fast,- previously married
or virgins.

 

Allah only
blesses 1 person in cave either Abu Bakr or the Prophet guess which one??

9:40. If ye help not (your leader), (it is no matter): for Allah did
indeed help him, when the Unbelievers drove him out: he had
no more than one companion; they two were in the cave, and he
said to his companion, “Have no fear, for Allah is with us”: then
Allah sent down His peace upon him, and strengthened him with
forces which ye saw not, and humbled to the depths the word of the Unbelievers.
But the word of Allah is exalted to the heights: for Allah is Exalted in might,
Wise.